ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES OF THE JOURNAL "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES".
No. 9. Vol. 23. 2017

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A. V. Vishnekov, Professor, e-mail: avishnekov@hse.ru, E. M. Ivanova, Associate Professor, e-mail: emivanova@hse.ru, National Research University "Higher School of Economics" (NRU HSE)

The Methods Application of Decision Support in Constructing Access Networks

The article deals with the stages of the decision-making process when choosing a computer networks project. The authors propose a mathematical apparatus for the evaluation of project solutions and selection of network equipment. The work considers questions of selecting the most preferred company-integrator, based on it's assessment of the project solutions, network equipment, vendors, developers, and complex project presentation. It is shown that at the first stage (formation of the integrators list, their evaluation and ranking criteria) the use of methods based on information on allowable values, criteria: method of expanding the set of satisfactory and unsatisfactory or methods of lexicographic ordering and semi-ordering will be effective to reduce the of alternatives number. As the main method for evaluation and selection of alternative design decisions the decision maker proposes the use of the analytic hierarchy process.
The article consider the case when the decision maker can specify the relative evaluation of the alternatives, it is advisable to enlist the expert group The method of ranking alternatives is advisable to use for decision-making on integrated assessment of the project. The method of permutations is suggested for detailed consideration by experts of the projects quality offered by the inte­grators. The method allows project comparison on several criteria (calculation criteria weights on the basis of the procedure from the analytic hierarchy process).
Keywords: project, access network, decision making, alternative project design, evaluation criteria

P. 627– 634

A. B. Sorokin, Ph. D. in Technique, Associate Professor,
V. A. Smoljaninova, Ph. D. in Technique, Associate Professor, e-mail: valerysmol@mail.ru,
Moscow Technological University (MIREA)

Conceptual Design of Expert Systems of Support of Decision
An original method for designing expert systems based on the conceptual structure of the act activity. For the construction of this structure to develop expert models is considered from the standpoint of systematic research activity approach and situational analysis. System views define that a dynamically complex environment should be considered as a large and complex system with the properties of polystructural and polyfunctionality. At the same time, the system creating factor in such an environment is activities. Element of activities of the person is the act of which is defined by the categorical scheme. When solving problems in a dynamically difficult environment, the field of knowledge in the form of a set of categorical schemes is formed. However the created field of knowledge doesn't consider a role of situationality. It is proposed to synthesize the ideas of the activity approach and situational analysis into a single structure. Thus, these interrelated aspects helped to determine the knowledge base for the design of expert systems, which is reflected in the conceptual structure of the activity act. However the graphic construction of the conceptual model of a dynamically complex environment is a complex and nontrivial task. Therefore, the program complex "Designer + Solver " is developed, which verifies the conceptual model of a dynamically complex environment on completeness and adequacy, and also generates the necessary knowledge base for the design of expert models in the form of text files.
Keywords: big and complicated system, polystructural, polyfunctionality, act activity, situational analysis, conceptual structure of act activities

P. 634–641

À. À. Kolyada, Doctor of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Chief Researcher, e-mail: razan@tut.by, Institute of Applied Physics Problems by À. N. Sevchenko of Belarusian State University, Minsk, Belarus

Generalized Integrated Characteristic Base of Modular Number System

The article is devoted to the problem of constructing a generalized integrated characteristic base of modular arithmetic. The theoretical basis of the proposed solution of the problem is the apparatus of interval-modular forms of numbers. The single (general) algorithm is developed to calculate the integral characteristics of the modular code: rank, interval index, and coefficients of the polyadic form of integers. The core of the implemented computational scheme is a procedure of the code narrowing. It determines the estimated value and a two-digit correction (minimal ICMC) for each integral characteristic of a modular code (ICMC). It is shown that to optimize non-modular operations, the integral-index characteristic base, based on the minimally redundant modular coding, has the greatest capabilities. In this case, the computational complexity of the calculation ratio for the basic ICMC-interval index decreases from O(k2) to O(k) modular operations (k is the number of bases of the number system).
Keywords: modular number system, modular arithmetic, integral characteristic of modular code, interval-modular form, rank, interval index, polyadic form of numbers

P. 641 – 649

M. Kh. Prilutskii, D. Sc., Professor, Head of a Chair, e-mail: pril@iani.unn.ru, Lobachevsky National Research State University of Nizhny Novgorod, V. S. Vlasov, Ph. D. in technical sciences, research department head, FSUE "FRPC NIIIS named after Yu. Ye. Sedakov", e-mail: vlasov_nn@mail.ru,
O. V. Krivosheev, deputy director on information technologies and business-processes,
FSUE "RFNC VNIIEF", e-mail: OiVKrivosheev@rosatom.ru

Optimal Scheduling Problems as Resources Distribution in Network Canonical Structures Problems

We consideration production systems functioning on the following scheme. A specified scope of interdependent activities is to be executed at discrete time moments (scheduling cycles) with available system resources required for their fulfillment. The resources are classified by expiration date as being stored (materials, raw materials, semi-finished items), not being stocked (man­power, equipment run time fund) and being partially stored (chemicals, perishable goods). The resources can be consumed with different intensity that affects work execution duration. The considered systems are peculiar not only for the fact that the particular work execution may result in consuming resources necessary for its realization but in manufacturing resources (semi-finished items) subsequently used to accomplish the activities. The described scheme complies with functioning conditions of production systems characterized as single- part or small-lot production. Resource distribution in the considered systems is simulated by a network canonical structure — directed weighted loop-free and circuit-free graphs the elements of which meet the particular characteristics. A problem of optimal scheduling is to define a
strategy to distribute the resources between activities and a specified work scope execution sequence in the course of its realization some overall indexes of the system functioning reach extreme values.
To solve the indicated problem decision algorithms have been implemented on the basis of which a C#.NET (Windows operating system family) software has been developed. The software is implemented in permanent operation while scheduling microelectronic device production process in FSUE "FRPC NIIIS named after Yu. Ye. Sedakov" (Nizhny Novgorod city), solving problems of interplant scheduling for FSUE "RFNC VNIIEF" (Sarov city) as well as while realizing an optimal scheduling of items manufacturing process in JSC "OKBM Afrikantov" (Nizhny Novgorod city).
Keywords: mathematical model, network canonical structure, output scheduling, output-calendar scheduling, shift-daily scheduling, linear transfer equation system, discrete controlled system, optimal strategy, front algorithm

B. I. Filippov, Ph. D., Associate Professor, e-mail: filippov-boris@rambler.ru, Novosibirsk State Technical University, Novosibirsk

Transmission of Telemetry Information in a Hydroacoustic Communication Channels

Telemetry information transfer in hydroacoustic channel considered. The main task is to choose a method that provides digital information transfer with the highest speed and defined noise immunity and acceptable energy costs. Use directional antennas in hydroacoustic channel to reduce noise impact and improve energy characteristics of equipment. But directional hydroacoustic antennas has phase characteristics with hight irregularity and with points of discontinuity. It is a barrier for digital information transferthrough hydroacoustic channel with high speed using short duration signal and applying adaptive harmonic correctors. Comparison of energy spent on transmission of same amount of information with consequent and parallel methods shows that energy efficiency using consecutive data transmission method with speed V is at least 40 % higher than using highspeed parallel method. Transmission of digital information from hydroacoustic underwater station to ship receiving-processing complex carry out through the subsystem
of control channel. To increase the level of noise immunity of digital information transmission in ship receiving-processing
complex, convolutional coding should be used in conjunction with a threshold decoder correcting errors multistage. Average transfer rate v_ñð by using the convolutional code (R = 7/8) v_ñð ? 0,85v.
Transfer information from hydroacoustic underwater station to ship receiving-processing complex in channel "hydroacoustic underwater station — popup modules of satellite communication system" recommended with blocks with link acknowledgment on the reverse channel. On popup modules of satellite communication system, in order to save computing power and hardware is offered to perform
one or two error correction iteration. Other errors need to request from hydroacoustic underwater station through the feedback
channel, estimation of encoding error probability after two iterations equals to P_ä2 ? 1,2•10^–5 and it considered to be sufficient.
Keywords: hydroacoustic channel, energy costs, decision feedback and waiting system, noiseless coding

 P. 658–663  

A. V. Terekhin, Assistant Professor, e-mail: terehin_murom@mail.ru, Murom Institute (branch) of Vladimir State University named after Alexander G. and Nicholas G. Stoletovs, Murom

The Approach to the Classification of Projections of Three-Dimensional Objects

Automation of production occurred in the 40—50 years of the last century. Active research and development in this area have been associated with the emergence of demand for assemblies and conveyor lines. Appearance of the first robotic systems marked a qualitatively new stage in the development of human-machine systems. This has contributed to the development of field of machine vision, performing object recognition functions, which are located in areas of the scene in front of the robot manipulator. The functioning of these systems requires the development of specialized software. The accuracy of identification of objects depends on the correct choice of the classification model. In addition, the development of automatic recognition systems urgent task is the right choice of criteria for the classification of the objects. In connection with the above, the development of a new model of classification of non-convex image plane is an urgent task. The research is aimed at solving the problem of classifying the three-dimensional objectprojection in the automatic recognition systems. This article describes the classification model of flat-convex images by their form. The criteria for classification in this model uses a combination of diagonal segments in the four quadrants of the bounding rectangle of image of the object.
Keywords: automatic recognition system, three-dimensional object, classification model, identification, flat nonconvex image, diagonal form features, pattern recognition, image analysis, diagonal segment, tuples

P. 663–668

S. V. Dvornikov, Professor, e-mail: practicdsv@yandex.ru, A. V. Pshenichnicov, Assistant Professor, e-mail: siracooz77@mail.ru, S. S. Manaenko, Assistant Professor, e-mail: manaenkoss@mail.ru, S. S. Dvornikov, Student, e-mail: practicdsv@yandex.ru Military Communications Academy, St. Petersburg

A Method of Forming Multiposition Jamproof Signal Constructions

The problem of providing the required efficiency of a digital telecommunication lines was and remains very important at all stages of development of the unified automated digital network connection. To perform the tasks assigned to the radio net, you need the solution to two pressing issues related to the enhancement of its noise immunity and bandwidth. One possible solution is based on the method of forming jamming signal constructions presented in this article. A distinctive feature of the developed method is the rational use of energy and frequency resources of the radio system. In the synthesis model is noise-free signal used elements of the General theory of communication and statistical radio engineering. The essence of the developed approach consists in the representation of the complex signal models a set of simple modulation structures with the known structure. The basis of the developed technology of synthesis of the proposed signal structures proposed, the principle of split complex signals Ungerboeck. In order to combine the modulating signal designs with increased immunity to interference is proposed to use the methodology of multiplexing with orthogonal frequency-division multiplexing Orthogonal Frequency-Division Multiplexing (OFDM). Designed this way the signal design has the properties of orthogonality and has increased compared to the known value of noise immunity. Further enhancement of the effectiveness of the model is noise-free signal design, the authors associated with the localization of its spectral characteristics. For this we used the signal design of a hexagonal structure with additional balanced modulation forming their in-phase and quadrature components. The practical significance of the developed method of formation of the jamming signals is a relatively simple technical implementation, increasing their point mode subject to a minimum expanding the base and increasing the energy of the radio resource. Furthermore, the proposed signal-code construction in contrast to the known, has a high structural secrecy. This property is preserved by increasing its point mode. Proposals can be implemented in modern systems of radio communication operating in a conflict situation in terms of destructive impacts, and applied in the interests of further development of the elements of the theory of constructing a noise-immune radio system with a high information rate.
Keywords: signal-code construction, noise immunity, multiple signals, quadrature amplitude modulation, OFDM

P. 669–676

E. E. Golovinov, Leading Researcher, e-mail: evgeny@golovinov.info,
D. A. Aminev, Senior Researcher, e-mail: aminev.d.a@yandex.ru, All-Russian Research Institute of Hydraulic Engineering and Land Reclamation named after A. N. Kostyakov,
I. I. Romanova, Senior Lecturer, e-mail: iromanova@hse.ru, National Research University Higher School of Economics

The Algorithm for Generating, Transmitting, and Processing of Monitoring Information from a Sprinkler on the Basis of Geographic Information Systems

The problem of telemetry data acquisition units from a sprinkler and their trans-mission to the remote terminal on the various telecommunication channels is considered. The list of basic parameters, recorded by a sprinkler, is represented. The detailed diagram of data flow and block diagram of a processing algorithm, monitoring and recording the conversion information are given. The methods for converting data telemetry path are disclosed. The main standardized data transmission technology, used in the information transmission channel, is considered. The complexity of the information transmission channel implementation is estimated.
Keywords: irrigation system, telemetry, information transmission channel, system of telecommunications

P. 677–681

V. Ya. Tsvetkov, D. Sc., Professor, Deputy Head, e-mail: cvj2@mail.ru, Center for Strategic Analysis and Development, Research and Design Institute of Design Information, Automation and Communication on Railway Transport, Moscow, Russia

Convergence of Linear Spatial Tasks

The article explores the convergence of the solution of spatial problems in geoinformatics and photogrammetry. The article analyzes the problem of convergence of the solution of spatial problems in geoinformatics and photogrammetry. The article reveals the content of the concept of "convergence" of spatial problems. The article proves that the concept of "convergence" of the solution of spatial problems is analogous to the notion of "accuracy" in metrology. The article explores linear spatial problems. The article offers four criteria for convergence: in coordinates, in parameters, in the invariant method. The article reveals the content of each method of convergence. The article proposes to use the Euclidean metric to estimate "convergence in coordinates". The article proposes using the Mahalanobis distance for estimating "convergence by parameters". The article suggests the use of statistical estimation methods for estimating the convergence by the method and invariants.
Keywords: geoinformatics, direct problem, inverse problem, spatial models, modeling, convergence

P. 681–686

B. H. Askerova, Associate Professor, Azerbaijan State University of Oil and Industry, e-mail: Bahar287@mail.ru

Method of Optimum Entropy Clustering on the Basis of New Determination of Interestness of the Attribute of Elements of Data

One of major tasks of data analysis is classification and clustering. Classification make it possible to reveal the signs of group of objects of researched data set and assign the researched object to one of classes using these attributes. Upon clustering the distribution of objects on groups is carried out. In this case the assessment of each attribute is calculated as a distance and such es­timate as "interestingness" of the attribute is applied. The measure of interestingness is based on entropy, therefore the attributes characterized by random distribution possesses the higher entropy and lower increment of information, i.e. are less interesting. But in this case the role of elements of data characterized by attributes are not taken into account. The new determination of interestingness of attribute of data elements position is suggested. The suggested determination of interestingness determines the amount of information equal to possible increment of amount of information in data if this attribute would be applied to all elements of data. The task of optimum entropy clustering on the basis of new determination of the attribute interestingness of data element position is formulated. Solution of this task make it possible to formulate the regime of optimum clustering. On the basis of developed method of optimum entropy clustering the new technique for removal of data elements attributes space is suggested. Results of experimental and model researches on testing of the suggested method will be described in the second article on this theme.
Keywords: cluster, information, entropy, optimization, data, attribute

P. 687 – 689

I. V. Basov¹, Student, e-mail: generalrot@rambler.ru, S. V. Groshev², Senior Lecturer, e-mail: groshev_sergey@mail.ru, A. P. Karpenko², Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., Head of the Department, e-mail: apkarpenko@mail.ru, K. V. Shaitan³, Dr. Sci. (Phys.-Math.), Prof., e-mail: shaytan49@yandex.ru, D. L. Shurov⁴, Graduate student, e-mail:d.l.shurov@gmail.com, Moscow,
¹Moscow Institute of State and Municipal Administration,
²Bauman Moscow State Technical University,
³Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Department of Bioengineering,
⁴Semenov Institute of Chemical Physics of Russian Academy of Sciences

Method for Construction and Cluster Analysis of Conformational Occupancy Density Maps of Dipeptides

We propose dynamic analogues of known Ramachandran plots, called conformational occupancy density maps. The proposed maps show the probability of values of the torsion angles of the main polypeptide chain. Maps are obtained based on molecular dynamics trajectories, and then are clustered using self-organizing maps. We present a method for constructing and cluster analysis of conformational occupancy density maps for all possible 400 dipeptides.
Keywords: dipeptides, conformational dynamics of dipeptides, Ramachandran plot, conformational occupancy density map, cluster analysis, self-organizing map

P. 690 – 696

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