ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES OF THE JOURNAL "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES".
No. 1. Vol. 22. 2016

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V. P. Kulagin, Head of the Research Laboratory, Professor, e-mail: vkulagin@hse.ru, National Research University Higher School of Economics, V. N. Dubinin, Associate Professor, Penza state University

Structural Analysis of Petri Nets

In this article we propose a new formalism — the structure of Petri nets (PN-structure) designed to study the models of complex systems. Structures or lattices are called partially ordered set in which any two elements there is a precise accurate lower and upper faces. In this paper we use the term "structure". Typed operations transformation Petri nets (PN) designed for the analysis and synthesis of new JV structures. It is shown that the introduced operations, allows us to decompose any SP into many linear or linear-cyclic fragments (LF), which simultaneously will be treated as a class of automata Petri nets and class synchronization Petri nets. Presents operations only allow you to analyze structural properties of the JV, while there are a number of studies in which the analysis of behavioral properties of the PN.
Describes the properties of PN-structures, introduced quasimatrices space structures PN. In the space of the PN-structures entities set multiple functions of evaluation, which introduced a system of scales, allowing a quantification of the properties of PN-structures. A distinctive feature of this formalism is an effective combination of properties of the device in PN with the possibilities of the theory of structures.
The practical application of the proposed methods of analysis and synthesis of PN is demonstrated by the classic example of two ejectors designed to transport parts. Showing the procedure of the synthesis of alternative options PN-models of the system of ejectors, showing their advantages and disadvantages, as well as a quantitative assessment of model structures with the display in the selected coordinate systems.
Keywords: parallel and distributed computing and systems, modeling, complex systems, Petri nets, theory of structures, system of coordinates

P. 3—13

A. B. Barskiy, Professor, e-mail: arkbarsk@mail.ru, B. V. Zhelenkov, Associated Professor, e-mail: boriszhv@gmail.com, Moscow State University of Railway Engineering (MIIT)

Optimization Means for the Information Interaction of Resource Processors to Minimize the Time of "Cloud" Computing

The possibilities of increasing the data rate when distributed computing in computer networks. The parallel multichannel reception of data from one computer to many subscribers via an external device that combines multiple web-sites. The use of such a device is important when clustering resource for assembling the results of calculations on the host computer when Grid- and "cloud" computing on the SPMD-technology. Formulas resource optimization parameters of the computational process. The features of fixing the "physical" resources for virtual WAN. It is argued that a significant geographical remoteness resource processors from each other leads to long time to sync exchange, making inefficient use of many web-input objects. Recommended compact arrangement of processors and application resource network for distributed computing. We show the feasibility of processing pipeline flow coming to a computer to transfer data frames from the network standard in the computer representation.
Keywords: computer network "cloud" computing, virtual resource, the assembly of data, clustering, pipeline operations

P. 14—21

O. V. Mandrikova^{1, 2}, Head of Laboratory, oksanaml@mail.ru, N. V. Fetisova (Glushkova)¹, Junior Researcher, nv.glushkova@yandex.ru, Yu. A. Polozov^{1, 2}, Senior Researcher, up_agent@mail.ru
¹Institute of Cosmophysical Researches and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS, Paratunka, Russia
²Kamchatka State Technical University, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia

Modeling of Ionospheric Parameter Time Variations and Detection of Anomalies

A new multicomponent model of ionosphere parameter time variation (MCM) was described. It is based on the combination of wavelets with autoregressive-integrated moving average model class. The model allows us to study ionosphere mode and to determine anomalies occurring during ionospheric disturbances. MCM-models of the ionosphere critical frequency for Kamchatka region (Paratunka station, registration is carried out at the Institute of Cosmophysical Research and Radio Wave Propagation FEB RAS) were developed. Comparison of the obtained MCMs with the Empiric International Reference IRI model and moving) median method was performed that showed that the suggested method is prospective. To investigate anomalous changes in the ionosphere in detail, the authors suggested applying continuous wavelet-transform. On the basis of continuous wavelet-transform, computational solutions to detect different scale anomalies in the ionosphere and to estimate their parameters were developed.
The analysis of ionospheric parameters during increased geomagnetic activity showed that ionospheric anomalies have large scales and achieve the maximum intensity during the strongest magnetic storms. It was noticed that local increase of electron concentration may be observed in the analyzed region before the main phase of a magnetic storm.
Keywords: wavelet-transform, autoregressive-integrated moving average model, ionosphere critical frequency, ionospheric disturbances

P. 21—31

N. N. Svetushkov, PhD, Associate Professor of department "Applied mathematics and physics", Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University), Moscow, Russia, e-mail: svt.n.n@mail.ru

Integral Strings Method for Modeling Heat Loads in the Cooling Wall of the Rocket Engine Nozzle Part

There are currently a large number of both commercial and freely available, software products that allow for thermal calculations. The most famous among them is the package ANSYS, which is frequently used in industrial plants. Often, however, the main drawback of such calculations is the large computational error, reaching up to 50 percent. So often the thus obtained numerical results are only illustrative information on thermal processes taking place without any real assessment of the accuracy of calculations. In this paper for computing a new approach called the method based on strings and integral description of the process of heat transfer. Such an approach control error of the solution in each design point, using as a criterion function of the residual or error. The purpose of the model calculations was performed, in addition to receiving the numerical results, the verification efficiency of the proposed algorithm in high temperature gradients, and complex geometric configuration of the product, as well as testing on a real practical problem of the developed software. This paper investigates the possibility of calculating the thermal loads on the walls of the nozzle of the rocket engine. Select a task to perform the calculations associated with the relevance of thermal calculations for both the creation of new aircraft and rocket engines. When designing rocket engines is an issue about the effectiveness of the cooling of the combustion chamber and nozzle of the engine in order to prevent burning of the walls of the product and to provide the necessary resource efficiency in the case of extreme external thermal effects. Due to the above reasons for modeling of such problems is particularly important to estimate the accuracy of the results, which is why its solution and was chosen method of strings. The developed software environment used for the calculation was generated geometric model, given initial and boundary conditions and calculations for two type-size design. The calculations have shown sufficient efficacy of this approach for modeling of thermal processes of this kind, given the opportunity to analyze the accuracy of the results and the relatively high rate of convergence. Created software package can be used in the development of software for virtual structural design of missile and aircraft engines.
Keywords: numerical methods, software, numerical simulation, the heat equation, integral equations, the accuracy of calculations

P. 32—36

A. E. Saak, PhD., Associate Professor, e-mail: saak@tgn.sfedu.ru, Southern Federal University, Taganrog

Circular-Typed Multiprocessor Tasks Scheduling in Grid Systems

Developing formal instrumentation of the Non-Euclidean resource rectangles environment, as a base for the polynomial scheduling theory, we denote a quadratic type of a user task. In the paper it is raised the question of the adaptedness characteristic of polynomial algorithms for the arrays which consist of user tasks of definite quadratic type. The model of a task is a resource rectangle. It is given the quadratic classification of the following resource rectangles which are used as the test examples: rectangles 2j ´ j (domino) are circular-typed, rectangles 1 ´ 2, 2 ´ 3, k ´ (k + 1) (almost square) relates to the hyperbolic type, rectangles 3j ´ j (tromino) are ones of parabolic type. For a model of the set of multiprocessor tasks in the form of extensive linear polyhedral of resource rectangles and for a model of the Grid system with centralized architecture which supports multisite task performance in the form of resource quadrant, author solves the problem of allocation with minimization of a resource enclosure heuristic measure. The Non-Euclidean heuristic measure which takes into consideration both area and the form of an occupied resource region, reaches its minimum value at in-square packing without emptiness. It is considered an array which consists of circular-typed resource rectangles. Then scheduling is performed with the use of an initial ring algorithm, level algorithm with the height parameter and the length one, angular-level algorithm and all of them have polynomial complexity. This result in the respective resource enclosures for each scheduling with the heuristic measures calculated. The study of scheduling by the arrays of circular-typed resource rectangles shows that the initial ring algorithm has bigger heuristic measure in comparison with the others. The comparison of the heuristic measures of the resource enclosures derived from the use of the level algorithm with the height "parameter and the length one and angular-level algorithm shows that we can't prefer one to another. Expedience of the use of suggested algorithms in scheduling by arrays of circular-typed resource rectangles is confirmed by the acceptable deviation value from the theoretical minimum of the heuristic measure.
Keywords: user task of quadratic type, circular-typed user task, Grid-system, scheduling, resource management, Non-Euclidean heuristic measure, algorithm of polynomial complexity, initial ring algorithm, level algorithm with the height parameter, level algorithm with the length parameter, angular-level algorithm

P. 37—41

S. V. Porshnev, PhD, Professor, e-mail: sergey_porshnev@mail.ru, D. A. Bozhalkin, Postgraduate Student, e-mail: bozhalkin@mail.ru, A. S. Koposov, Postgraduate Student, e-mail: alexkopas@gmail.com Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Professional Education "Ural Federal University named after the first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin", Ekaterinburg

Experience of Using the Supercomputer for Processing of Traffic Dumps of Backbone Internet Channel

A comparative review of public MATLAB clusters and supercomputers was made. Computing cluster was selected to perform processing of network traffic dumps. Customization of supercomputer was made to use proprietary software. The analysis technology of the network traffic dumps of the backbone Internet channel was described. The results confirming effectiveness of this technology was shown.
Keywords: supercomputer, cluster, computer networks, traffic flows, traffic dump, data extraction, data processing, parallel computing in MATLAB, distribution parameters

P. 42—47

A. S. Naumov, Software Engineer, OOO Electra-N, Velikiy Novgorod, alex.naumov53@mail.ru

Method for Automated Reconstruction of the Fragmented Images Based on Multiple Fragment Features

Article deals with a problem of the automated fragmented images reassembling in application to the object reconstruction in forensics, archaeology, restoration, archive science and other fields. The basic idea involves using a two-dimensional digital images and additional information to automatically search matching fragment pairs in order to reconstruct entire image. The key feature of the presented approach is concerning multiple fragment features to use all available fragment information. It allows building effective tools for reconstruction process that minimizes manual job in compare to traditional methods. Article presents universal match searching method and image synthesis algorithm. Match searching includes 3 stages: classification, search and verification. Classification stage divides initial fragment set into several independent classes. Search stage performs feature comparison between all possible fragment pairs in each class and calculates junctions if they exist. Verification stage compares features that are not possible to deal before junctions are calculated.
Pipeline processing on the search stage allows to build flexible solutions for particular applied problems by variation of the set of used features, criterions, order of comparison, significance etc., while general scheme remains the same. Image synthesis algorithm is based on a breadth-first search graph algorithm and uses pairs of fragments to form entire composition image. Article shows advantages and significance of the developed methods. Presented results could be useful in a program tools development for actual applications.
Keywords: fragment matching, image reconstruction, classification, search, verification, graph, fragment descriptor, breadth-first search, pipeline processing

P. 48—53

K. A. Shcheglov, A. Yu. Shcheglov, Professor, ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russian Federation, e-mail: info@npp-itb.spb.ru

Informational System Attack Threat Modeling and Interpretation. Part 2. Attack Threat Modelling

We build Markov's models of attack threat on informational system representing it as a system with failures and recoveries of security characteristics including fatal failures, based on viewing threat as basic element of informational security while interpreting attack threat with a scheme of serial exploit threats reservation. We build the violator model basing on defined attack threat complexity characteristic and interpret it as probabilistic measure of information amount (which must be obtained by violator towards exploit threats creating attack threat). Built models allow to calculate parameters and characteristics of attack threat without need for any experimental estimates with using of exclusively stochastic exploits parameters towards which common statistics exist and being updated.
Keywords: security, informational system, attack threat, model, design, potential violator, informational security system

P. 54—64

V. G. Polosin, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Senior Lecturer of the Department "Physics", polosin-v@sura.ru, O. N. Bodin, Professor of the Department "Information Measuring Techniques and Metrology", bodin_o@inbox.ru, Penza State University, Penza

Entropy-Parametric Criterion for the Establishing the Adequacy of the Distribution Model of Ionic Currents of the Myocardium

The article is devoted to reviewing the adequacy of the distribution model of the ion currents the myocardium based on the entropy-parametric criterion. This paper considers the possibility of describing the various distributions in a uniform space of estimates of the entropy factor and of the counter kurtosis. These estimates were centered with respect to the null hypothesis of distribution, for which the entropy factor and counter kurtosis are known a priori. Estimates of the entropy factor and of the ratio kurtosis have been given as the ratio on their standard deviation that made it possible to build them into a single space. We have proposed a method of establishing validity of the hypothesis of distribution. It is based on the entropy-parametric criterion that is calculated by values of the random sample of potential. These samples were calculated for the surface of the epicardium. It is shown that in the space of relative estimates of the entropy factor and of the counter kurtosis it is possible to establishing the justice and the adequacy for the statistical model that is built as the sum of the distributions. In particular, we have showed that in the space of the reduced estimates can be established the integral part of the additive model of the distributions of ionic currents. This is based on control of the weighting factor component of the model. We obtain expressions the dependence of the values of the entropy-parametric criterion when the significance level criterion. This expression allows you to assess the adequacy of the distribution model of myocardial ion currents to the sample values of the ion currents in the selected area of the space that is defined as the ratio of estimates of the entropy factor and counter kurtosis on their known values.
Keywords: electrocardiosignal, the entropy factor, the counter kurtosis, the entropy-parametric criterion, a single space, to establishing the justice, the surface of the epicardium, the significance level criterion, the myocardial ion currents, model of ionic currents of the myocardium

P. 65—71

N. T. Abdullayev¹, Associate Professor, e-mail: a.namik46@mail.ru, M. M. Gasankuliyeva², Graduate Student,
¹Azerbaijani Technical University
²Azerbaijani State Oil Academy

Informative Parameters and Fluctuation Dynamics of Electrocardiograms at Flikker-Noise Spectroscopy

On the basis of discretely fixed temporary ranks of electrocardiographic signals the analysis of spectral power and the transitional differential moments of the second order is made. Such analysis allows to receive the informative diagnostic parameters estimating a functional condition of cardiovascular system of the patient. The variation of the used sampling frequencies can be one of the factors allowing to estimate fluctuation dynamics of electrocardiograms and to allocate a contribution of irregularities to the analyzed real signals.
Keywords: flikker-noise spectroscopy, electrocardiography, differential diagnostics, informative parameters, frequency of sampling of a signal

P. 72—75

V. V. Savchenko, Professor, e-mail: svv@lunn.ru, Nizhniy Novgorod State Linguistic University, Nizhniy Novgorod, Russia

The Speech Recognition Method of Phonetic Decoding of Words with Background Noise Cancellation

This paper studies the usage of the known words phonetic decoding method in the task of automatic speech recognition in robotics voice control systems. Our goal is to improve the efficiency of this method for acute problem of modern speech recognition techniques, namely, insufficient accuracy in case of the presence of intensive background noise. The achievement of this goal can cause an extensive use of voice control systems in many practical applications. Our study is based on modern theoretical computer science. In this paper we proposed the novel noise-proof version of phonetic decoding method for its application in commercial (inexpensive and reliable) intelligent systems with voice control of robotics in life, on transport and on production in the presence of intensive external noise. Our modification explores the idea of correcting the estimated covariance matrices of vowels by subtraction from their diagonal elements of the noise variance. Analytical expression of noise suppression coefficient is synthesized. It is shown that the proposed approach allows to multiple increase of the signal-to-noise-ratio (more than 11,8 dB). In conclusion we discuss the possible future expansion of speech recognition and voice control technologies on the basis of proposed method and give practical recommendations of its usage.
Keywords: speech, speech recognition, speech recognition, speech command, voice-activated control, noise, interference, fight against interference, protection against interference, noise immunity

P. 76—80

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