ABSTRACTS OF ARTICLES OF THE JOURNAL "INFORMATION TECHNOLOGIES" N. 8, 2014

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V. V. Nechaev, Professor, e-mail: nechaev@mirea.ru, Moscow State Technical University of Radio Engineering, Electronics and Automation

Modern Bionics Information Technology

The article is devoted to one of the actual and prospective scientific-practical directions in information technology area — informational bionics (IB). IB is considered as a complex technology consisting of three phases: biological prototype, its model representation and model implementation in a technical analog device or in a process. The content of each phase is disclosed via a set of corresponding tasks. The article considers examples of modern and most actual directions in the informational bionics area and provides the bibliography list on these directions.
Keywords: bionics, information technology, bionics information technology, biological prototype, information bionics, artificial intelligence, knowledge engineering, cognitive modeling, expert systems, multy agents systems, neurobionics, neural networks, neurobionical computer, evolutionary modeling, genetics algorithm, genetics programming, intellectual technology, homeostatics, biological immune systems, artificial immune systems

P. 3—10

B. G. Kukharenko, Leader Research Scientist, Institute for Machine Science named after A.A.Blagonravov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, e-mail: kukharenko@imash.ru, M. O. Solntseva, Graduate Student, Moscow Institute of Physics and Technology, e-mail: solnceva.chalei@gmail.com

Iterative Clustering Trajectories of Objects under Control in Multi-Dimensional Characteristic Space

In present paper an iterative application of multi-dimensional trajectory clustering algorithm in abstract characteristic spaces is proposed for objects under control, which gives an opportunity to extract typical patterns of motion and isolate outliers. As trajectory features, spatial and angle characteristics are under consideration, such as average velocity, directional distance, trajectory mean, trajectory shape, principal components, and directional histogram. First vectors related to object trajectories are clustering sequentially in different characteristic spaces by means of mean-shift algorithm. Local maxima of each empirical density distribution are determined, which define the distribution modes related to trajectory clusters. Based on clustering results in all characteristic spaces, general trajectory clusters are extracted. An outlier set obtained at first iteration is an input to second iteration and so on. The iterations continue until the outlier number can't be changed. So, the stationary trajectory clustering result is obtained. The Iterative clustering trajectories in abstract characteristic spaces is demonstrated by analysis of airplane trajectories in an airport zone.
Keywords: data mining, multi-dimensional trajectories, clustering

P. 11—16

I. V. Sokolov, Teacher, A. M. Agueyev, Deputy Chief of Research Department, M. F. Volobuev, Chief of Research Department, M. A. Zamyslov, Senior Researcher, A. M. Maltsev, Senior Researcher, S. B. Mikhaylenko, Senior Researcher, Military Educational Scientific Center of the Air Force, "Air Force Academy named after prof. N. E. Zhukovsky, and Yu. Gagarin", Voronezh, e-mail: volmf81@mail.ru

Assessment of the Statistical Characteristics of the Signal at the Output of the Reserve System, Controlled by Fuzzy Controller

The article describes a simulation model to determine the statistical characteristics of the signal at the output of the redundant system controlled by fuzzy controller.
Questions of construction of a simulation model to determine the statistical characteristics of the signal at the output of the redundant system and the random nature of the input signals.
A description of the main elements of the simulation model, formal description of the algorithm functioning fuzzy controller, redundant control system, its structure and implementation of the model in an environment of fuzzy modeling fuzzyTECH and Fuzzy Logic Tools software package MATLAB.
To obtain more reliable estimates of the simulation model was developed in two versions — with the use of software packages FuzzyTech 6.00 Professional Demo and Fuzzy Logic Tools from the software package MATLAB. In the first case, using the software environment developed FuzzyTech blocks fuzzy controller and the switch elements, and blocks the formation of elements of random signals and calculating the mean value (expectation) and standard deviation (SD) signals generated using the program MathCAD. In the second case, all elements of a redundant system simulation model created using only the expansion packs, Simulink, and the Fuzzy Logic Toolbox, included in the program MATLAB.
Conducted simulation functioning redundant system controlled fuzzy controller, for the case when the signal parameters redundant system elements have different expectations and standard deviations.
Analysis of the results shows that for a redundant control system with a processor using fuzzy standard deviation of the output signal decreases to 2.25, 1.98 and 1.92 fold compared to the SD signal of the working element, the first and second comparison element, respectively. The mathematical expectation of the output signal of the system controlled by fuzzy controller, occupies a position close to the median value of the signal elements of a redundant system.
Also conducted simulations, for the case when the signal parameters redundant system elements have the same expectations, but different standard deviations.
The results of calculations carried out in conditions where the elements have the same signals expectations have shown that the gain reduction in standard deviations for applying the fuzzy control is 1.6, 1.96 and 2 times compared to the SD signal of the working element, the first and second comparison elements respectively.
The simulation of the functioning redundant system driven fuzzy controller confirmed the expediency of practical application of intelligent control technology on the basis of fuzzy logic methods in solving specific practical problems — improving the reliability of systems and avionics systems. Further efforts need to focus on the technical implementation of the fuzzy control system to reserve specific devices (systems) aircraft equipment.
Keywords: simulation model, fuzzy controller, the reliability

P. 17—23

Ya. N. Imamverdiyev, Institute of Information Technology of ANAS, Baku, Azerbaijan
e-mail: yadigar@lan.ab.az

A Model of Situational Management of E-Government Information Security

E-government information security management is an ill structured problem: object of management is a complex socio-technical system, consisting of autonomous components, each of which acts purposefully; numerous processes (social, political, and technological), significantly interacting with each other occurs in the system. For reliable ensuring of e-government information security complex dynamic situations must be continuously and automatically identified and responsed in real time. As a result, efficient methods of recognition, prediction, reasoning and handling of situations are required — operations collectively identified as situational management. In this paper we develop a conceptual model of situational management of e-government information security and propose its implementation using case-based reasoning. Approaches for representation of the knowledge about the information security situation and the choice of appropriate cases, as well as optimizing the weights of case features by particles swarm optimization are proposed. The proposed approach can be generalized for the tactical and strategic levels of management.
Keywords: information security, e-government, situational management, case based reasoning, particle swarm optimization

P. 24—33

L. S. Kuravsky¹, Professor, P. A. Marmalyuk¹, Assistant Professor, S. N. Baranov², Assistant Professor, V. I. Alkhimov¹, Professor, G. A. Uryev¹, Assistant Professor, S. V. Artyukhina³, Director
¹Moscow State University of Psychology and Education, Computer Science faculty, l.s.kuravsky@gmail.com
²JSC Russian Aviation Co. Ltd, Moscow,
³Metrostroi college N 53

Markov Models of Oculomotor Activity and Their Application for Professional Skills Assessment

Suggested is a new method for modeling and analyzing spatio-temporal peculiarities of subjects oculomotor activity, which is based on representation of gaze movement on a stimulus surface with the aid of continuous-time Markov processes with discrete states. Procedure of model identification provided with goodness-of-fit tests and classifier-building technique, which makes it possible to quantitatively assess differences between observed and reference gaze-movement distributions estimated for different diagnosed groups, is described. Examples of practical application of the suggested approach for assessing subjects' mathematical background level, degree of differentiation of gaze movement spatio-temporal distributions of aircraft pilots with different proficiency levels as well as professional skills of automated supervisory utility systems control software users are given as illustrations.
Keywords: diagnostics, oculomotor activity, Markov process, Fokker—Planck—Kolmogorov equations

P. 34—43

S. V. Gavrilov, Head of Department, G. A. Ivanova, Junior Researcher, Institute for Design Problem in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Science, A. A. Manukyan, Graduate Student, National Research University of Electronic Technology, Moskow

New Problems of Logic-Topological Synthesis of Custom IP-Blocks and Methods for Their Solution

This article is devoted to solving the problems of computer aided design of custom IC with technological norms 22 nm and below. Particular attention is paid to a new technology called FinFET. It is known that FinFET technology provides improving performance and power compared to a standard CMOS technology. However, wide dissemination FinFET technology is difficult because of problem of automation design circuit and topology, development of computer-aided design of integrated circuits lags behind the development of technology. To solve the problems computer aided design, this article provides a comparative analysis of existing approaches topology development FinFET structures, as well as a comparative analysis of these structures with conventional CMOS structure. Developed methods of formation of topological structures of various FinFET structures for topology synthesis of elements with a regular topological structure in layers of polysilicon and diffusion.
Keywords: CAD (computer-aided design), SP-DAG, Intellective property IP-block, finFET transistor, CMOS technology

P. 44—50

V. V. Rakitin^1,2, Leading Researcher, e-mail: rusakov@ippm.ru, S. G. Rusakov¹, Chief Researcher
¹Institute for Design Problems in Microelectronics of Russian Academy of Sciences
²Scientific Research Physical Problems Institute named after F. V. Lukin

Electrical Models of Memristor Elements

The principles to construct memristor models for circuit simulation are discussed. The memristor is a new two-terminal circuit element. The memristor can be considered as resistor with memory. It is necessary to exploit the additional differential equation for incorporation the memory property into memristor model. The presence of the own internal differential equation is a peculiarity of the memristor models from circuit simulation point of view. The main known approaches to generate the memristor models for circuit simulation are presented in the paper. The linear drift and nonlinear models are given. The model equations can be considered as basic relations for model libraries in standard circuit simulators. The application of the models is illustrated by simulation examples of the different modes of electrical behavior using memristor elements.
Keywords: circuit simulation, memristor, electrical models, memristor modeling, window function

P. 50—58

V. I. Anisimov¹, Sciences, prof., e-mail: vianisimov@inbox.ru V. N. Gridin¹, director CITP RAS, e-mail: info@ditc.ras.ru, M. A. Shabani², Postgraduate, e-mail: mabruk_1975_07@mail.ru,
¹Center information technology in the design of the RAS
²Sankt Petersburg State Electrotechnical University

Methods of Construction of High-Performance Distributed Systems Automation Circuit Design

Discusses ways to improve the reliability and the increase of distributed computer-aided design by minimizing the interaction time web services to the Internet on the basis of the transition to a compact form of data storage and processing of sparse matrices. Describes the main methods of compact storage and processing of sparse matrix and the comparative evaluation of the effectiveness of the method index-addressable matrix of list storage schemes, fixed-format string method, and the method of row-column format. Shows that feature fixed-format methods is not possible to include a description of additional non-zero elements, which precludes the direct application of these techniques for information processing in solving systems of equations by any numerical method, because of the inevitable emergence of new non-zero elements in the process of this decision. To be able to incorporate new non-zero elements in the compact description of the simulated system is proposed to use a two-stage procedure for the formation of such a description and a description of the implementation of a two-stage procedure for handling sparse matrix on the basis of its division into two independent parts symbolic and numerical analysis.
Keywords: computer-aided design, web services, system modeling, compact processing, sparse matrices, distributed systems, Internet-based technologies

P. 59—63

S. M. Avdoshin, Head of Department, Head of the Chair, e-mail: Savdoshin@hse.ru, E. Y. Pesotskaya, Assistant Professor, e-mail: Epesotskaya@hse.ru, National Research University Higher School of Economics Moscow

Software Ecosystem: Innovations in IT

Today customer expectations on services continue to increase. The owners of platforms face many challenges as they need to survive in a very competitive environment and provide full variety or products and applications to the end consumer. Many providers start thinking on how to define profitable customers and their needs? How to balance cost to serve and customer value? The paper provides the overview of the existing approaches to build software ecosystems. Some examples of the successful ecosystems and its evolution are explained. The paper also provides a step towards better understanding of the participants and the model that can be applicable to the software ecosystem and aims to give a better understanding of why software ecosystems and open innovation are increasingly important for software development companies.
Keywords: ecosystem, application framework, strategy, software developers, information technologies (IT)

P. 64—69

Z. N. Amiraslanova, Scientific Researcher Azerbaijan National Academy of Sciences, Institute of Cybernetics, Baku

Automation of Reinforcement Design in Ferroconcrete Constructions

Reinforcement design is basically performed in AutoCAD based on static calculations of concrete structures. 'Reinforcement design' here refers to creating of reinforcement drawing with regard to its diameter, placement, step of distribution, protective coating etc. in compliance with corresponding standards. Characteristics of elements forming the structure (columns, beams, intermediate floors etc.) are referred to repeatedly by design engineer creating reinforcement design. Characteristics are classification of reinforcement forming the element, i. e. diameter, step of distribution at certain intervals from one another, crossing spans, tilting spans and other such characteristics. They are searched in several drawings depending on the project development method, which leads to waste of extra time. As is obvious, a database of characteristics needs to be created to minimize time and labour consumption. At the same time, solution to the problem provides the foundation for reduction of project cost due to economical use of labour force.
Automation of the design of reinforcement in ferroconcrete constructions in the construction sector is considered. An efficient solution to the problem using databases is proposed.
Keywords: AutoLISP, AutoCAD, database

P. 70—74

E. V. Novak, Chairman of the Board of Directors, GC "IMPULS-IVC" E-mail: nove@impuls-iVC.ru

Information and Communication Technologies: Measuring of the Effectiveness

Information and communication technologies (ICT) has been actively used in the business. However, whether became easier to understand the effect of their use for a particular organization, not to mention industries, cities, regions, country? Today, with great difficulty, you can find techniques to enable reasonably accurate count benefit from the use of equipment, communication channels, software, automated complexes and systems.
In this article the author tries to identify practical value assessment of the effectiveness of ICT (or lack of it), and give some examples of techniques and methods inviting to the discussion of economists, industry experts, investors.
Keywords: efficiency of information and communication technologies (ICT), a feasibility study (FS), investments in ICTs

P. 74—80

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